Colonoscopy

Amazing Facts about Colonoscopy

1. Tool of Early Diagnosis: Colonoscopy is one of the most prominent tools for not only screening but also preventing cancer as it can not only detect but also remove precancerous polyps.(Source)
2. First Performer: In 1969 at New York’s Beth Israel Medical Center, Wolff and Shinya performed one of the first modern colonoscopies. They utilized a colonoscope developed in Tokyo by Dr. Niwa and Dr. Yamagata. (Source)
3. Routinely done by Gastroenterologist or Gastro Surgeon: Gastroenterologists almost always recommend a colonoscopy to diagnose Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. This test provides live video images of the colon and rectum and enables the doctor to examine the intestinal lining for inflammation, ulcers, and other signs of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. (Source)

Reasons for Early Treatment of  Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

1. IBD is a chronic disease and the goal of treatment is to reduce the inflammation that triggers your signs and symptoms. The earlier the detection & treatment, the better.
2. In best case scenarios, IBD treatment may lead not only to symptom relief but also to long-term remission and reduced risks of future complications. 

Complications of Untreated Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

1. You could develop chronic fatigue. Your body will always feel like its low on energy.
2. Your immune system may suffer as inflammation can put constant stress on your body, which makes you vulnerable to infections and other illnesses.
3. You may have an increased risk of colorectal cancer.
4. You may have an increased risk of osteoporosis. This may occur in two ways. Firstly, if you have active inflammation, you’re depleting nutrients from your bones, and you’re not absorbing a lot of the nutrients your bones need. Secondly, Flares that arise from poorly managed ulcerative colitis are often treated with steroids, which themselves can lead to osteoporosis.
5. You may have an increased risk of miscarriage and other pregnancy complications. 
6. You could develop toxic megacolon. This condition can lead to life-threatening infections, kidney failure, or a colon rupture and needs to be treated immediately.

Celebrities who have IBD

John F. Kennedy

MrBeast

Mumtaz

What is Colonoscopy?

Procedure

Who needs a Colonoscopy?

1. Screening for Colorectal Cancer: Regular colonoscopy screenings are crucial for early detection of colorectal cancer, especially in individuals over the age of 50 or those with a family history of the disease.
2. Investigation of Digestive Symptoms: Colonoscopy helps evaluate persistent abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, changes in bowel habits, unexplained weight loss, or other gastrointestinal symptoms.
3. Polyp Detection and Removal: Colonoscopy allows for the detection and removal of polyps, which are abnormal growths that can potentially develop into cancer over time.
4. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Monitoring: Colonoscopy plays a vital role in monitoring and managing conditions like ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease to assess disease activity, inflammation, and treatment response.
5. Diagnostic Purposes: Colonoscopy aids in diagnosing conditions such as diverticulosis, colorectal polyps, colitis, and gastrointestinal bleeding.

How to prepare for Colonoscopy

• Follow your doctor’s instructions: Your healthcare provider will provide specific instructions tailored to your needs. It’s important to carefully read and follow these instructions for the best preparation.
• Diet modifications: Typically, you will need to follow a clear liquid diet for a day or two before the procedure. This may include consuming clear broths, gelatin, popsicles, clear juices (without pulp), and clear tea or coffee. Avoid consuming any solid foods during this time.
• Bowel preparation: Your doctor will prescribe a bowel preparation solution or medication to help cleanse your colon before the procedure. This may involve drinking a large volume of a special solution or taking oral laxatives. Follow the prescribed timing and dosage instructions for the bowel preparation.
• Hydration: While you may be on a clear liquid diet, it’s important to stay hydrated. Drink plenty of clear fluids such as water, clear juices, or sports drinks to prevent dehydration.
• Medication adjustments: Inform your doctor about all the medications you are currently taking. You may need to adjust or temporarily stop certain medications, especially blood thinners or iron supplements, as they can interfere with the procedure. Always consult with your doctor before making any changes to your medication regimen.
• Inform your doctor: Make sure to inform your doctor about any underlying health conditions, allergies, or prior adverse reactions to medications or anesthesia. This will help your healthcare team make necessary adjustments and ensure your safety during the procedure.
• Arrange for transportation: Due to the sedation administered during a colonoscopy, you will not be able to drive yourself home afterward. Arrange for a responsible adult to accompany you and drive you back home.
• Clear your schedule: The day of the colonoscopy, plan to take the day off from work or any other commitments. You will need ample time for the procedure and recovery.
• Ask questions: If you have any concerns or questions about the preparation process, don’t hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider. They are there to guide you and provide the necessary support.

Benefits of Colonoscopy

1. Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer: Colonoscopy is considered the gold standard for detecting colorectal cancer at its early stages when treatment is most effective, potentially saving lives.
2. Polyp Detection and Removal: Colonoscopy allows for the identification and removal of precancerous polyps, reducing the risk of developing colorectal cancer.
3. Comprehensive Evaluation: Colonoscopy provides a thorough evaluation of the entire colon, providing more accurate results compared to other screening methods.
4. Diagnosis and Management of Digestive Conditions: Colonoscopy aids in diagnosing and managing various digestive conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), diverticulosis, and gastrointestinal bleeding.
5. Preventive Screening: Regular colonoscopy screenings can help prevent colorectal cancer by identifying and removing precancerous polyps before they become cancerous.

Risks of Colonoscopy

1. Invasive Nature: Colonoscopy is an invasive procedure that requires the insertion of a colonoscope into the rectum and colon, which may cause discomfort or rare complications, such as bleeding or perforation.
2. Preparation and Bowel Cleansing: Before colonoscopy, patients need to undergo bowel preparation, which involves dietary restrictions and taking laxatives to ensure a clear view of the colon. This preparation process may be inconvenient for some individuals.
3. Risk of Complications: While rare, there is a slight risk of complications associated with colonoscopy, including bleeding, infection, or adverse reactions to sedation medications.
4. False-Negative Results: In some cases, colonoscopy may fail to detect small polyps or lesions, leading to false-negative results. Follow-up screenings or alternative diagnostic tests may be required.

What to do after Colonoscopy

• Follow your doctor’s instructions: Your healthcare provider will provide specific post-procedure instructions. It is important to carefully follow these instructions to ensure a smooth recovery and to address any specific needs or concerns.
• Rest and recovery: After the procedure, you may feel groggy or tired due to the effects of the sedation. Take the rest of the day off from work or any strenuous activities and allow yourself time to rest and recover.
• Diet and hydration: Your doctor will provide guidance on when you can resume a normal diet. Typically, you can start with clear liquids and gradually reintroduce solid foods as tolerated. Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids, unless otherwise instructed by your healthcare provider.
• Medication and activity: Your doctor will advise you on when you can resume taking your regular medications. If you were given sedation during the procedure, avoid driving, operating heavy machinery, or making important decisions for the remainder of the day. Engage in light activities and gradually increase your level of physical activity as you feel comfortable.
• Monitor for complications: While complications after a colonoscopy are rare, it is important to monitor for any signs of complications. Contact your doctor immediately if you experience severe abdominal pain, persistent bleeding, fever, or any other concerning symptoms.
• Plan for transportation: Arrange for someone to drive you home after the procedure, as the sedation may impair your ability to drive. Do not drive until your doctor has confirmed that it is safe to do so.
• Follow-up appointment: Your doctor will schedule a follow-up appointment to discuss the results of the colonoscopy and any necessary further treatment or surveillance. Attend this appointment as scheduled and discuss any questions or concerns you may have.
• Report any unusual symptoms: If you experience any unusual or persistent symptoms following the colonoscopy, such as severe pain, excessive bleeding, or signs of infection, contact your doctor immediately.